What are micronutrients?

Micronutrients refer to vitamins and minerals that the body requires in small amounts to support a variety of essential functions, including metabolism, growth, and disease prevention. Unlike macronutrients, which include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats that provide energy and building blocks for the body, micronutrients play crucial roles in biochemical processes, including acting as co-factors for enzymes, contributing to immune function, and supporting cellular health.

Vitamins, which are organic compounds, and minerals, which are inorganic elements, help regulate hormonal balance, enhance bone health, and improve overall physiological functions. Although they are needed in smaller quantities compared to macronutrients, their absence or insufficient intake can lead to serious health issues. This underscores the importance of a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, which are good sources of these essential nutrients.

In contrast, the other options describe different concepts: large macromolecules don't encompass this definition, calories refer specifically to energy intake, and protein and carbohydrates are types of macronutrients rather than micronutrients.